For detailed descriptions of the ore deposits themselves, the. Students who gain less than 40% in the exam will be considered to have failed the course. Mcqueen crc leme, australian national university, canberra, act 0200 and school of. Mesothermal lode gold deposits, typified by the golden mile, kalgoorlie. They are closely associated genetically and spatially with other types of ore deposits, such as porphyry copper and greisen deposits. Deposits of this type are mined for the predominant metals, but the gold is also recovered as a byproduct during processing of the ore.
In the nikopol manganeseore basin, the predominant form of concentration of ore matter is the carbonate form. The first event occurred in the late triassic 230210 ma, the second in the midlate jurassic 170150 ma, and the third in the earlymid cretaceous 12080 ma. Available formats pdf please select a format to send. Classification of ore deposits rock geology minerals. Found in dharwad and cuddapah rock systems of the peninsular india. Portrait of a planet fifth edition university of notre dame. Occurrence of manganese ore deposits and their mineralogy in. Occurrence of manganese ore deposits and their mineralogy. Evaporite deposits two types marine evaporites salts of na, k. Classification of mineral deposits geology for investors. As such, its characteristics are as much economic as geochemical. An ore deposit, in its simplest terms, is a portion of the earths crust from which some industrial raw material can be extracted at a profit. Transport is mainly by mechanical or mass transfer mechanisms and by fluids. The details will be debated until the sun cools, but the broadbrush classification of mineral deposits is generally understood.
The existing genetic mineral deposit classifications has developed and embraced the genetic classification of oreforming. In the nikopol manganese ore basin, the predominant form of concentration of ore matter is the carbonate form. Pdf different types of uranium ore deposits find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Genetic types, classifications, and models of manganese. So banks tend to increase the casa deposits and for this they offer various services such as salary accounts to companies, and encouraging merchants to open current accounts, and use their cashmanagement facilities. Most of them are old enough to have been subjected to the. Geology and ore deposits of the shafter mining district, presidio county, texas by clyde p. Ore deposits associated with igneous rocks are associated with plate boundaries or hot spots tectonic processes are the dominant control. A classification scheme for ore deposits best classification. The zoning found in ore deposits is dominantly of two distinctive types. Mineral deposit formation of mineral deposits britannica. Beukes encyclopedia of life support systems eolss 1. Various types of folds and faults are also recorded in the ore bodies such as an anticline plunge in the ore body at border of main pit and road site pit at sadanandapuram figure 4. Komatiiteassociated nickel deposits layered maficultramafic intrusion deposits skarn deposits fractionated granitoidassociated deposits porphyryassociated deposits iron oxide copper gold deposits syndeformational hydrothermal and replacement deposits orogenic gold deposits carbonatehosted stratabound leadzinc deposits.
The hope was that if a few characteristics of an ore deposit under investigation could be classified as belonging to one of the few types, the rest of its characteristics, including the genesis of that deposit, would be. Laterites laterites are red colored ironrich soils that have been leached through tropical weathering processes. Sedex deposits are the most important source of lead, zinc and barite, a major contributor of. Currently, the most common source of copper ore is the sulfide ore mineral chalcopyrite, which accounts. Origin, exploration, and exploitation is a compilation of diverse case studies on new prospects in ore deposit geology including atypical examples of mineral deposits and new methods for ore exploration. Ore deposits ore deposit types and their primary expressions. Nickel ni is a transition element that exhibits a mixture of ferrous and nonferrous metal properties. On and near the surface, biological processes can also concentrate and transport ore components or remove non ore. Contents introduction nigglis classification of ore deposits schneiderhohns classification of ore deposits lindgrens classification of ore deposits lindgrens classification of ore deposits modified 1985 bateman classification of ore deposits stanton classification of ore deposits guilbert and park classification of ore deposits conclusion reference. Mineral paragenesis and textures in mineral deposits 5. Ore deposit types a lot of work has been spent over the years trying to classify ore deposits into a few major types. This chapter provides brief descriptions of the major types of magmatic ore deposits, with a focus on their compositions and the geochemical and petrogenetic processes by which they might form. Volcanogenic massive sulfide ore deposit wikipedia. Economic geology the layout, the clear presentation of the topic, the choice of sample deposits, the glossary of.
Surficial uranium deposits report of the working group on uranium geology, iaeatecdoc322, 1985. These deposits can form when dissolution occurs in oxygenated waters and the water moves to a deoxygenated region. A list to some major types of ore deposits and a link book download. Black shale deposits other types of deposits literature. The ore deposition comprised 1 a limited amount of dolomitization, 2 silicification, 3 deposition of calcite and such metallic minerals as galena, sphalerite, and probably argentite, and 4 supergene altera. Intrusive masses of several kinds, mainly andesite, basalt, and diorite, occur in and near the district. Examples of concentrating and transporting agents are groundwater, seawater, and magma. Leroy1 reports a section including all the above types of rocks. Sedimentary deposits are represented by the lean siliceous ore of the iron formation, as at moose mountain and temagami, ontario, and by magnetic black sand found on the north shore of the st. Jul 29, 20 geologists, are known to have more opinions than economists, so it should come as no surprise that the classification of mineral deposits, is an ongoing hot topic. Classification of ore deposits free download as powerpoint presentation. As an aggregate the casa deposits are low interest deposits for the banks compared to other types of the deposits.
Ore deposits are classified based on how they form, whether as a result of an igneous, metamorphic, or sedimentary process. The commonly used metals like aluminum, copper, iron, lead, zinc etc. Introduction iron, in the form of cast iron and steel, is arguably the backbone of all industrial development, and indispensable to modern civilization. Pdf ore deposits 1 ore deposit types and their primary. Pdf ore deposit types and their primary expressions researchgate. Pdf major types and timespace distribution of mesozoic. Petrology of ore deposits university of south alabama. Major types and time space distribution of mesozoic ore. Metals are largely derived from the mantle or crust by partial melting and fluidrelated leaching. Students who gain less than 40% in the exam will be considered to have failed the course, irrespective of the semestermodule mark. The most important metallic deposit type in afghanistan is sedimenthosted copper represented by the aynak and associated deposits section 7. Ores of iron like limonite, goethite and hematite and of manganese like psilomelane and pyrolusite are other examples of residual deposits. Portrait of a planet fifth edition chapter 15 mineral resources cesc 1011020110.
Igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary ore deposits fig 1, a, b. Syndeformational hydrothermal and replacement deposits. Similarly, deposit of silicate nickel ore of residual origin is also known. Types of copper deposits in the world an investors. Syngenetic ore deposits ore deposits which are formed as the same time as the enclosing rock, are called syngenetic ore deposits. Radial type of faults could be seen at the contact of ore body and calcgranulite in dhobi pit figure 5. This paper examines the types of ore deposits in nigeria. For the purpose at hand the classification scheme has two requirements. Most byproduct gold has come from porphyry deposits, which are so large that even though they contain only a small amount of gold per ton of ore, so much rock is mined that a substantial amount of gold is.
A classification scheme for ore deposits there are many different way of categorizing ore deposits, and the best classification schemes are probably those that remain as independent of genetic linkage as possible these are. The ocean deposits can broadly be divided into two typesthe terrigenous deposits and the pelagic deposits. Major types and timespace distribution of mesozoic ore deposits in south china and their geodynamic settings. Pdf ore deposits ore deposit types and their primary. Hydrothermal copper deposits are often found in porphyritic igneous rocks. Carbonate ores constitute a large proportion of the ore deposits in the western and eastern areas. Iron ore distribution in india types of iron ore pmf ias. The ore deposits of the mesozoic age in south china can be divided into three groups, each with different metal associations and spatial distributions and each related to major magmatic events. Classification of ore deposits slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Genetic classification of oreforming processes iopscience. Presentation of the latest research on a range of ore deposit types. We use cookies to make interactions with our website easy and meaningful, to better. Ore deposits are classified according to various criteria developed via the study of economic geology, or ore genesis. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
Pdf ore deposit types and their primary expressions. The study of ocean deposits is important in understanding the rocks exposed on the earths surface which were once laid under sea. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. The rocks which they lie upon were deposited just prior to the mineralizing event, while the overlying rocks were deposited just after all three layers being deposited at essentially the same time in terms of the geological time frame. Genetic types, classifications, and models of manganeseore. Mineralogy, geochemistry, and economic geology jens gutzmer and nicolas j. Minerals form chief source of all the industrial metals and nonmetals.
Introduction to ore mineralogy an ore is a naturally occurring rock or material composed of a mineral or minerals of. The book will be dominantly read by students and teachers, but could also be useful for professional geologists wanting a modern overview of a wide range of ore deposits and oreforming processes. Boss mountain, endako, hall, kitsault, thompson creek b. Mineral deposit models usgs publications repository.
Ore minerals in these sediments are concentrated through the flow of surface fluids such as rainwater or rivers. Introduction ore deposits are crustal concentrations of useful elements that can be exploited at a pro. Oct 30, 2012 the ore deposits of the mesozoic age in south china can be divided into three groups, each with different metal associations and spatial distributions and each related to major magmatic events. Apr 23, 2011 as an aggregate the casa deposits are low interest deposits for the banks compared to other types of the deposits. Mcqueen crc leme, australian national university, canberra, act 0200 and school of rehs, university of canberra, act 2601. Bauxite, the wellknown ore of aluminium, is a typical residual accumulation in most cases. Ores of iron, tinniobiumtantalum deposits, and precious metals in the nigerian basement complex are predominantly associated with. Major types and timespace distribution of mesozoic ore.
Ore deposits are sources of raw materials for industries. Geologists, are known to have more opinions than economists, so it should come as no surprise that the classification of mineral deposits, is an ongoing hot topic. An ore deposit is one occurrence of the particular ore. Introduction iron, in the form of cast iron and steel, is arguably the backbone of all industrial. Geology of ore deposits is a periodical covering the topic of metallic and nonmetallic mineral deposits, their formation conditions, and spatial and temporal distribution.
Boss mountain, endako, hall, kitsault, thompson creek. Classification of ore deposits by abdul bari qanit m. Sedimentary exhalative deposits sedex deposits are ore deposits which are interpreted to have been formed by release of orebearing hydrothermal fluids into a water reservoir usually the ocean, resulting in the precipitation of stratiform ore sedex deposits are the most important source of lead, zinc and barite, a major contributor of silver, copper, gold, bismuth and tungsten. The classification of ore deposits by schneiderhohnas bellow. They can be concentrated magnetically, and this is being done on a large scale with the taconite of. On and near the surface, biological processes can also concentrate and transport ore components or remove nonore. Geological environments of sandstone type uranium deposits report of the working group on uranium geology, iaeatecdoc328, 1985. Mineral deposits form because some medium serves as a concentrating and transporting agent for the ore minerals, and some process subsequently causes the transporting agent to precipitate, or deposit, the minerals. The existing genetic mineral deposit classifications has developed and embraced the genetic classification of ore forming. Their intimate admixture of ironrich skarn minerals and ore minerals. They can host important mineral deposits including iron, nickel, bauxite aluminum and rees. Volcanogenic massive sulfide ore deposits, also known as vms ore deposits, are a type of metal sulfide ore deposit, mainly copperzinc which are associated with and created by volcanicassociated hydrothermal events in submarine environments these deposits are also sometimes called volcanichosted massive sulfide vhms deposits. Sedimentary exhalative deposits sedex deposits are ore deposits which are interpreted to have been formed by release of ore bearing hydrothermal fluids into a water reservoir usually the ocean, resulting in the precipitation of stratiform ore.